Human Rights & Constitutional laws in International Scenario

Abstract

Human rights and constitutional law provide a universal framework for the defense of basic freedoms and rights. International organizations, international treaties, and national constitutions have all codified these values to guarantee that all individuals, regardless of race, religion, gender, sexual orientation, or disability, are treated with dignity and fairness. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) was adopted in 1948 by the General Assembly of the United Nations to serve as the foundation for international protection of human rights. The UDHR serves as a cornerstone upon which to construct other seminal human rights documents including the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights. Human rights are protected and upheld by the constitutions of individual nations. Individual rights and responsibilities, the nature and limits of government power, and protections for human rights are all laid forth in these statutes, which are often inspired by international human rights accords. Constitutional law must interact with human rights laws from throughout the world. Human rights accords at the international level provide a model for national constitutions to protect basic human rights. Legal authorities, including constitutional courts, make sure the law is obeyed and enforced. Numerous nations have raised issues related to freedom of expression, assembly, and association; the rights of vulnerable and marginalized groups; the right to privacy; and the rule of law during the last few years. Human rights breaches and possible solutions are monitored by treaty organizations and special rapporteurs.