Review of Driver Drowsiness Detection System

Abstract

India is one of those countries where automobiles are used in large numbers for transportation. Since vehicles are used by a large population, the country also contributes to an increasing number of road accidents. Road accidents mostly occur due to drivers’ drowsiness or lack of concentration on the road while driving a vehicle. Due to slight ignorance of the driver, mishaps occur and an individual might have to pay in terms of injuries and sometimes life.
The paper puts a study on driver drowsiness detection systems that can be installed in cars and depending upon the eye aspect ratio the system throws an alert with the help of a buzzer, which helps the driver to remain active and avoid drowsiness during driving. This system takes input as video recording and detects the eyes for fatigue. And depending upon the detection of the eyes the system determines the eye aspect ratio. Eye Aspect Ratio (EAR) is the Euclidean distance of the corresponding eye coordinates. When the eyes are open the ratio value remains constant but when the ratio approaches zero it indicates that the eyes are closed. The system works efficiently when a sufficient amount of light falls on the face of the driver.
Some studies reveal that when the energy of the body is low the first sense organ to indicate that the body needs to take rest or sleep are eyes hence considering the eye aspect ratio is the key feature. In a road accident, individuals involved in the collision suffer damage. To replenish the fatality rate in the country a design and implementation of a driver drowsiness detection system using IoT have been studied.