Change, Differences and Spatial Pattern of Child Sex Ratio in Haryana (1981-2011)
Keywords:
Sex Ratio, Child Sex Ratio, Spatial PatternAbstract
Men and women are two segments of society in terms of sex. If it is imbalanced then society will never grow (Bhasin, 2000).It is an incident of the socio-economic conditions and regional analysis of the population of an area. It is a pivotal social indicator to represent the existing equity between males and females, and also presents gender discrimination in a society. It has a great effect on the demographic structure of a region. Sex ratio is mostly expressed as the number of females per thousand of male in India. Whereas, internationally, sex ratio is expressed as number of females per 100 of males in the population. In most species, when sex ratio is calculated by age group, it is generally divided into many types like as primary sex ratio is measured at the time of conception, secondary sex ratio is measured at the birth time, tertiary sex ratio is a ratio measured in sexually active organisms which is also called adult sex ratio and quaternary sex ratio is the ratio in post reproductive organisms. Child Sex Ratio is a subject of great interest to the population geographer or demographer in terms of age specific sex ratio. In India, Child Sex Ratio is expressed as the number of female’s children per thousand male’s children in the age group 0 – 6 years. Low child sex ratio is not the same throughout the country. It is highly area specific that is limited to certain well defined pockets of the country. Thus it becomes a geographical problem. Haryana is a fairly well developed state with third highest per capita income and life expectancy is also favorable for women in India. But it has lowest child sex ratio about 834 with respect to India’s child sex ratio is 919 per 1000 male child during 2011. It is also a state which has shown strong evidence of son preference. It has the most unbalanced child sex ratio in India which is a grim indicator of the persistence and severity of discrimination against girls and women. Present study aims to understand the change, difference and spatial patterns of child sex ratio and also in the context of the rural-urban child sex ratio in Haryana from 1981 to 2011.
Keywords: Sex Ratio, Child Sex Ratio, Trends, Spatial Pattern, Rural-Urban.
References
Administrative Atlas of Haryana (2011) Haryana – a geo-historical outline. Chandigarh: Director of Census Operations, Haryana. Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India: 228-235.
Agriculture Contingency Plan of district Sonepat (2001) Hisar: Department of Agriculture. CCS Haryana Agriculture University, Haryana: 1-2.
Census of India (2001) Administrative Atlas of Haryana. Chandigarh: Directorate of Census Operations, Haryana: 249 – 250.
Census of India (2011) Administrative Atlas of Haryana. Chandigarh: Directorate of Census Operations, Haryana: 249 – 250.
Census of India 1981,1991,2001(https://censusindia.gov.in). Gupta Das M, Zhenghua J, Bohua L, Zhenming X, Chung W, Bae H. (2003) Why is son preference so persistent in East and South Asia? A cross-country study of China, India and the Republic of Korea. The Journal of Development Studies. 40(2):153–187. Gupta, S.P. and Gupta, M.P., 2007. Business Statistics Sultan Chand and Sons. New Delhi.
Resource Atlas of Haryana (2004) Chandigarh: State Natural Resources Data Management System (NRDMS) centre, Hisar. Haryana State Council for Science and Technology (Science and Technology Department, Haryana): 9-30.
Sangwan, Dr. Randhir Singh and Kumari, Geeta. (2014).Declining Child Sex Ratio in Mahendragarh District of Haryana: A Geographical Analysis.The International Journal of Interpretation,Observation and Analysis. 2(3),p65-75.
Sangwan, Dr. Randhir Singh and Kumari, Geeta. (2019). A Comparative Study of Literacy Rate in Mewat and Mahendragarh District of Haryana, 2011. Journal of Advances and Scholarly Researches in Allied Education. 16 (6), p1140-1145.
Sangwan, Dr. Randhir Singh and Kumari, Geeta. (2019). Spatial-Temporal Change in Child Sex Ratio in Haryana: A Geographical Analysis. Journal of Advances and Scholarly Researches in Allied Education. 16 (5), p978-987.
Statistical Abstract of Haryana (2012 – 13). Chandigarh: Department of Economics and Statistical Analysis, Haryana. Available at: http://www.esaharyana.gov.in (Last accessed 15th April 2015)
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Re-users must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. This license allows for redistribution, commercial and non-commercial, as long as the original work is properly credited.
