A review of Stem Cells: Classification and Clinical Applications

Abstract

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells, capable of renewing themselves. Via differentiation, they have the potential to develop into many different cell lineages. There are different kinds of stem cells, depending on the type of cells they can create and the location in the body. In recent years, studies have shown that oral tissues are a source of stem cells. Structuring of tissue in dentistry has revealed promising results in the regeneration of oral tissue or organs. There are multiple factors that can produce alveolar bone resorption due to tooth extraction or loss because of severe cavities, trauma, or root fracture or even because of periodontal diseases. In edentulous patients, bone resorption continues throughout life particularly in the mandible, which makes it difficult to substitute the missing teeth with dental implants.